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X25/9000: X.25/9000 Programmer's Guide

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HP Part Number: 36960-90058

Edition: Edition 3

Published: E05/96

© Copyright 1996 © Hewlett-Packard Company, 1996. All rights reserved.

Table of Contents

Printing History

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1 Introduction to X.25 Programmatic Access

X.25 Product Description

X.25 Configurations

Using BSD IPC

Using BSD IPC and X.25 with the Client/Server Model

Getting Started with X.25 Programmatic Access

Example Programs

2 X.25 Addressing

Levels of Addressing

Preparing Address Variables

Addressing Options for Clients

Addressing Options for Servers

Call-Matching by X.25 Interface Name
Call-Matching by Called X.121 Address Only
Call-Matching by Subaddress
Call-Matching by Protocol ID

Using Wildcard Addressing

Wildcard Addresses in the x25ifname[] Field
Wildcard Addresses in the x25_host[] Field
Setting a Wildcard Protocol ID Local Address Mask
Syntax for ioctl (X25_WR_MASK_DATA)

Address Space Conflicts

How to Avoid Address Conflicts

3 Establishing and Terminating a Socket Connection

Connection Establishment for the Server Process

Creating a Socket
Binding an X.121 Address to a Socket
Preparing a Listen Socket
Accepting a Connection
Strategies for Server Design

Connection Establishment for the Client Process

Creating a Socket
Requesting a Connection

Controlling Call Acceptance

The ioctl (X25_CALL_ACPT_APPROVAL)
Syntax for ioctl (X25_CALL_ACPT_APPROVAL)
The ioctl (X25_SEND_CALL_ACEPT) Call
Syntax for ioctl(X25_SEND_CALL_ACEPT)

Terminating a Connection

Closing a Socket Descriptor
Shutting Down a Socket

4 Sending and Receiving Data

Data transmission requirements

The M bit versus the MDTF bit
Sending Data
Receiving Data
Controlling the MDTF, D, and Q bits
Using the MDTF Bit

Using Nonblocking I/O

Syntax for ioctl(FIOSNBIO)
Nonblocking Behavior of System Calls

Getting Next Message Status

Syntax for ioctl(X25_NEXT_MSG_STAT)

Setting Buffer Thresholds and Sizes

Setting the Write Buffer Threshold
Setting the Read Message Fragment Size
Changing the Size of Socket Buffers

5 Receiving and Transmitting Out-of-Band Information

Receiving Out-of-Band Events

Signal Reception

Building a Signal Handler

Example of an X.25 Signal Handler
The Out-of-Band Events

Transmitting Out-of-Band Events

Clearing a Switched Virtual Circuit
The ioctl(X25_WR_CAUSE_DIAG) Call
The ioctl(X25_WR_USER_DATA) Call
The ioctl(X25_RD_USER_DATA) Call
Resetting a Virtual Circuit
The ioctl(X25_RESET_VC) Call
Sending Interrupts on a VC

6 Extended Features

Using Facilities

The ioctl(X25_RD_FACILITIES) Call
The ioctl (X25_WR_FACILITIES) Call

Using Fast Select

Fast Select on the Calling Side
Fast Select on the Called Side
Fast Select Operation Summary
Initial Steps for Fast Select

Using Permanent Virtual Circuits

Preparing a PVC for Use

Reestablishing Terminated Connections

Syntax for ioctl (X25_WR_CALLING_SUBADDR)

Obtaining programmatic diagnostics and status

Error codes and log messages
The ioctl (X25_RD_CTI) Call
The ioctl (X25_RD_LCI) Call
The ioctl (X25_RD_HOSTADR) call
The ioctl (X25_GET_IFSTATE) call
Obtaining Status Information Programmatically

A X.25 Packet Formats

X25 Packet Formats
Introduction
CALL REQUEST/INDICATION Packet
CALL ACCEPTED/CONNECTED Packet
CLEAR REQUEST/INDICATION Packet
DATA Packet
INTERRUPT Packet
INTERRUPT CONFIRMATION Packet
RESET REQUEST/INDICATION Packet
RESET CONFIRMATION Packet

B Program Examples

Example Programs

List of Figures

1-1 Typical X.25 Network Connection
1-2 Back-to -Back Configuration
A-1 CALL REQUEST Packet
A-2 CALL ACCEPTED Packet
A-3 CLEAR REQUEST Packet
A-4 DATA Packet (Modulo 8)
A-5 INTERRUPT Packet
A-6 INTERRUPT CONFIRMATION Packet
A-7 RESET REQUEST Packet
A-8 RESET CONFIRMATION Packet

List of Tables

2-1 Wildcard Characters
2-2 Wildcard Address Matching for x25_host
2-3 x25pid and x25_mask Usage
2-4 Addressing Conflict Errors
3-1 Controlling Call Acceptance when Establishing an SVC
5-1 Title not available (OOB_VC_CLEAR)
5-2 Setting Cause Codes
6-1 Steps for Fast Select
6-2 Clearing a Fast Select Call Immediately
6-3 Sending Clear User Data for a Fast Select
6-4 Fast Select Connection Establishment
B-1 Title not available (Example Programs)

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