DRD Command Syntax

This section explains DRD command syntax, including the options that are specific to certain commands.




	NOTE: This section is intended for quick reference after you are familiar with using DRD. Chapters 3 through 6 explain how to perform operations with DRD commands.

Option Descriptions

The following options are available for DRD commands. Not all options are used by all commands.

-? Displays the usage message for a DRD command. This option cannot be used with other options.

-p Sets preview mode. When run with the -p option, a DRD command performs analysis without running the command and reports any errors.

-q Decreases the verbosity level by one each time it is specified. For example, -qq decreases the verbosity level from its default level of 3 to 1. The minimum verbosity level is 0, or -qqq.

-v Increases the verbosity level by 1 each time it is specified. For example, -vv increases the verbosity level from 3 to 5. The maximum verbosity level is 5.

-x -? Displays the list of possible -x (extended) options.

-x extended_option=value Sets the extended option to a value.

-X option_file Gets the extended options from a file.

-t target_device_file (target). The -t target_device_file option and parameter are required with the drd clone command. This option specifies the block device special file (for example, /dev/dsk/c2t0d0) of a single physical disk on which the cloned system image is to be written. The block device special file must exist on the system and be writeable. All data previously on a disk will be unavailable after a clone operation. (See the -x overwrite extended option.)

Extended options

The following extended options are available:

-x alternate_bootdisk=block_device_special_file This is the alternate boot disk. The alternate boot disk must be specified as a block device special file.

-x HA_alternate_bootdisk=block_device_special_file This is the High Availability alternate boot disk. The High Availability alternate boot disk must be specified as a block device special file. High Availability alternate boot disk is supported only on Itanium-based architecture and for PA-RISC systems that support hardware partitions.

-x ignore_unmounted_fs={true|false} (Default is false) Controls whether a clone fails when an unmounted file system in the root volume group is detected.

-x logfile=/var/opt/drd/drd.log This is the path to the log file for this command. Each time DRD is run, this file will grow larger. This can be changed, for example, to a month-specific location for easier archiving, off-host backup, and rotation.

-x log_verbosity=4 (Default.) Specifies the level of log verboseness. Replace 4 with the following values:

0  Only ERRORS and the starting/ending BANNER messages.   
1  Adds WARNING messages. 
2  Adds NOTE messages.  
3  Adds INFO messages (informational messages preceded by the * character.)  
4  (Default) Adds verbose INFO messages.  
5  Adds additional detailed INFO messages.

-x mirrordisk=block_device_special_file Specifies the target's block device special file of the mirror disk. The block device special file should refer to an entire disk, not to a partition. This option requires that LVM mirroring is installed. The block device special file specified is used to mirror each logical volume in the target of the clone operation.

-x overwrite={true|false} Specifies whether drd clone should overwrite existing information on the target disk. That is, it controls whether a disk containing boot, LVM, or VxVM records can be overwritten. The -x overwrite=false (default) prevents a disk that contains boot, LVM, or VxVM records from being overwritten. The -x overwrite=true allows a disk to be overwritten, even if it contains boot, LVM, or VxVM records. Note that DRD does not overwrite a disk associated with an active LVM volume group or VxVM disk group, regardless of the setting of the overwrite option. If a previously created clone is mounted, use the drd umount command to unmount it before attempting to create a new clone on the disk.

-x preview={true|false} If true, run this command in preview mode only. That is, complete the analysis phase and exit; no changes are committed to disk. This option has the same effect as specifying -p on the command line. The default is false. This option is available on every DRD command except drd runcmd.

-x reboot={true|false} If true, specifies the system is rebooted at the successful completion of a drd activate operation. The default is false.

-x verbosity=3 (Default.) Specifies the level of stdout/stderr verboseness. Replace 3 with the following values:

0  Only ERRORS and the starting/ending BANNER messages.   
1  Adds WARNING messages.  
2  Adds NOTE messages.  
3  (Default) Adds INFO messages (informational messages preceded by the * character.)  
4  Adds verbose INFO messages.  
5  Adds additional detailed INFO messages.

-X option_file Gets the extended options from a file.

The following sections describe each DRD command syntax.

The drd clone Command

The drd-clone(1M) command creates a copy of the volume group containing the root file system (/). It does not clone the entire disk configuration.

The drd clone command:

Creates Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) partitions on HP-UX Integrity systems.
Creates boot records.
Creates a new LVM volume group, or VxVM disk group and a volume, in the new group for each volume in the root volume group. The volume management type of the clone matches that of the root group
Configures swap and dump volumes.
Copies the contents of each file system in the root volume group to the corresponding file system in the new group.
Modifies particular files on the clone that identify the disk on which the volume group resides.
For LVM-based systems, modifies volume group metadata on the clone so that the volume group name is the same as the original root volume group when the clone is booted.

The drd clone command syntax is:

drd clone [-?] [-p] [-q] [-v] -t target_device_file [-x extended option=value] [-x -?] [-X option_file]




	NOTE: For descriptions of these options, see Option Descriptions

The drd clone command performs the following checks:

If the disk is currently in use by the LVM Manager, it is rejected by the drd clone operation.
If the disk is currently in use by the VxVM Manager, it will be accepted only if the following two conditions are met:
- The disk is an inactive image managed by DRD
- The extended option -x overwrite=true is specified on the drd clone command
If the disk is not currently in use by LVM or VxVM, but contains LVM, VxVM, or boot records, it is only accepted as a drd clone target if -x overwrite=true is specified on the drd clone command.

When run with the -x overwrite extended option set to true, the drd clone command overwrites any existing data on the target disk. If the target disk contains a mounted inactive system image, run the drd umount command before attempting another clone operation with -x overwrite=true. If other volume groups (not related to DRD) reside on the target disk and you want to overwrite them, use the vgexport(1M) command first to remove any knowledge of them from the booted system.

When run with the -x mirror_disk=block_device_special_file, you must specify the target's block device special file of the mirror disk. The block device special file should refer to an entire disk, not to a partition. For a system with an LVM root, this option requires that LVM mirroring is installed. The block device special file specified will be used to mirror each logical volume in the target of the clone operation.

A log of the cloning operation is available at /var/opt/drd/drd.log. This log is written to the booted system. Because it is located in the /var file system, it is copied during the clone operation to the /var file system on the clone. However, because the clone file systems must be unmounted before the final ending banner message of the operation is written to the log, the record of the clone operation in the log on the clone is truncated at the message indicating that file systems are being copied. The next message in the log on the clone is issued by the next DRD command run on the clone itself after it is booted. The log on the booted system is complete, ending with the final banner message.

The drd runcmd Command

The drd-runcmd(1M) command runs a DRD-Safe command on the cloned (inactive) system image.

The drd runcmd command syntax is:

drd runcmd [-?] [-v] [-x extended option=value] [-x -?] [-X option_file] command <args>




	NOTE: For descriptions of these options, see Option Descriptions

The drd runcmd command runs the designated command on the inactive system image. Several commands, known as DRD-Safe commands, can be executed with drd runcmd . See Maintaining Software on the Cloned Image for more information about the DRD-Safe commands.

The drd runcmd command mounts the inactive system image if it has not been mounted. Generally, when drd runcmd completes, it unmounts the inactive system image. However, if the inactive system image was mounted before the command, drd runcmd leaves it mounted after completion of drd runcmd.

The drd runcmd command returns the following error codes:

0 Success

1 Error

2 Warning

The drd runcmd operation involves two commands: drd runcmd and the HP-UX command that is its argument, but it returns only a single error code. The code reflects the worst result of the two commands. If both commands are successful, the error code is 0. If either command has an error or warning result, the error code is 1 or 2. To determine which command issued the error or warning, examine the messages.

For additional information, see the drd-runcmd(1M) manpage (man drd-runcmd)

The drd activate Command

The drd-activate(1M) command invokes the setboot(1M) command to set the primary boot disk to the target of the drd clone operation. It also optionally sets the alternate and High Availability alternate boot disks to values specified on the command line.

The drd activate command syntax is:

drd activate [-?] [-p] [-q] [-v] [-x extended option=value] [-x -?] [-X option_file]




	NOTE: For descriptions of these options, see Option Descriptions

The drd activate command causes the inactive system image to boot either immediately or the next time the system boots. Immediate or delayed booting is controlled by the -x reboot={true|false} extended option. The default is false.

The drd deactivate Command

The drd-deactivate(1M) command invokes the setboot(1M) command to set the primary boot disk to the active (booted) system image the next time the system is booted.




	NOTE: drd deactivate is a mechanism for “undoing” a drd activate command.

The drd deactivate command syntax is:

drd deactivate [-?] [-p] [-v] [-x extended option=value] [-x -?] [-X option_file]




	NOTE: For descriptions of these options, see Option Descriptions

The drd mount Command

The drd-mount(1M) command mounts all the file systems in the cloned system image.

The drd mount command syntax is:

drd mount [-?] [-p] [-v][-x extended option=value] [-x -?][-X option_file]




	NOTE: For descriptions of these options, see Option Descriptions

If the booted volume group contains the file systems /, /var, /usr, /tmp, /stand, /opt, and /home, the cloned file systems are mounted at the mount points shown in Example 2–1.

Example 2-1 File system mount points

/var/opt/drd/mnts/sysimage_001

/var/opt/drd/mnts/sysimage_001/var

/var/opt/drd/mnts/sysimage_001/usr

/var/opt/drd/mnts/sysimage_001/tmp

/var/opt/drd/mnts/sysimage_001/stand

/var/opt/drd/mnts/sysimage_001/opt

/var/opt/drd/mnts/sysimage_001/home

If the inactive system image was created by the drd clone command, the mount point for the root file system, chosen automatically by the mount command, is /var/opt/drd/mnts/sysimage_001. If the currently-booted system was created by the drd clone command, the mount point of the root file system of the original system (now inactive) is /var/opt/drd/mnts/sysimage_000.

The drd umount Command

The drd-umount(1M) command unmounts all the file systems in the cloned system image.

The drd umount command syntax is:

drd umount [-?] [-p] [-q] [-v] [-x extended option=value] [-x -?] [-X option_file]




	NOTE: For descriptions of these options, see Option Descriptions

The drd umount command fails:

If the inactive system image was created by a drd clone command and no file system is mounted at /var/opt/drd/mnts/sysimage_001.
If the inactive system image was the original source system when a drd clone command was run and no file system is mounted at /var/opt/drd/mnts/sysimage_000.

If a cloned file system is mounted, drd umount unmounts the file systems, unmounting the root file system (/) last. For a system with an LVM root, drd umount uses deactivate and vgexport to export the inactive volume group from the system. This makes the unmounted inactive system image invisible to LVM management commands. For a system with a VxVM root, the inactivate image must remain imported to ensure that it is bootable.

The drd status Command

The drd-status(1M) command displays system-specific information about the clone (the inactive system image) and the original disk (the active system image). The drd-status command provides the following convenient information:

Clone Disk – specifies the target disk used to clone the original image
Clone Disk State – reports whether the boot loader and AUTO files are present on the clone disk
Date Created – specifies when the clone image was created
Clone Mirror Disk – indicates “None” if the clone does not have a mirror, or lists the device special file of the mirror disk
Mirror Disk State – reports whether the boot loader and AUTO files are present on the clone's mirror disk
Original Disk – specifies which disk the original image is on
Original Disk State – reports whether the boot loader and AUTO files are present on the original disk
Booted Disk – specifies which disk is currently booted
Activated Disk – upon reboot, the system will boot off this disk




	NOTE: `Disk State` varies depending on the system's architecture. The drd status command lists either `Clone LIF Area` or `Clone EFI Partition`.

The drd status command syntax is:

drd status [-?] [-q] [-v] [-x extended option=value] [-x -?]