What libraries your system has depends on what components
were purchased. For example, if you didn't purchase Starbase Display
List, you won't have the Starbase Display List library on your system.
HP-UX library routines are described in detail in sections
2 and 3 of the HP-UX Reference. Routines
in section 2 are known as system calls, because
they provide low-level system services; they are found in libc.
Routines in section 3 are other "higher-level"
library routines and are found in several different libraries including
libc.
Each library routine, or group of library routines, is documented
on a man page. Man pages are sorted alphabetically
by routine name and have the general form routine(nL),
where:
- routine
is the name of the routine, or group of closely
related routines, being documented.
- n
is the HP-UX Reference section
number: 2 for system calls, 3 for other library routines.
- L
is a letter designating the library in which the
routine is stored.
For example, the printf(3S) man
page describes the standard input/output libc
routines printf,
nl_printf, fprintf,
nl_fprintf, sprintf,
and nl_sprintf.
And the pipe(2) man page describes the
pipe system call.
The major library groups defined in the HP-UX Reference
are shown below:
 |
| |
|
 | NOTE: Certain language-specific libraries are not documented
in the HP-UX Reference; instead, they are
documented with the appropriate language documentation. For example,
all FORTRAN intrinsics (MAX,
MOD, and so forth)
are documented in the HP FORTRAN/9000 Programmer's Reference. |
|
| |
|
- Group
Description
- (2)
These functions are known as system calls. They
provide low-level access to operating system services, such as opening
files, setting up signal handlers, and process control. These routines
are located in libc.
- (3C)
These are standard C library
routines located in libc.
- (3S)
These functions comprise the Standard
input/output routines (see stdio(3S)). They
are located in libc.
- (3M)
These functions comprise the Math
library. The linker searches this library under the -lm
option (for the SVID math library) or the -lM
option (for the POSIX math library).
- (3G)
These functions comprise the Graphics
library.
- (3I)
These functions comprise the Instrument
support library.
- (3X)
Various specialized libraries. The names of the
libraries in which these routines reside are documented on the man
page.
The routines marked by (2), (3C), and (3S) comprise the standard
C library libc.
The C, C++, FORTRAN, and Pascal compilers automatically link with
this library when creating an executable program.
For more information on these libraries, see C,
A Reference Manual by Samual P. Harbison and Guy L.
Steele Jr., published in 1991 by Prentice-Hall, or UNIX
System V Libraries by Baird Peterson, published in 1992
by Van Nostrand Reinhold, or C Programming for UNIX
by John Valley, published in 1992 by Sams Publishing. For more information
on system calls see Advanced UNIX Programming
by Marc J. Rochkind, published in 1985 by Prentice-Hall or Advanced
Programming in the UNIX Environment by W. Richard Stevens,
published in 1992 by Addison-Wesley.
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