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HP-UX System Administration Tasks: HP 9000

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"hung" disk, No Response or Program Output from an Inaccessible Disk
"orphaned" files, Checking an HFS File System
"stale" data, Synchronizing a Mirrored Logical Volume
.cshrc, Customizing System-Wide and User Login Environments, Protecting User Accounts
.login, Customizing System-Wide and User Login Environments, Protecting User Accounts
.netrc, Protecting User Accounts
.profile, Customizing System-Wide and User Login Environments, Protecting User Accounts
.rhosts, Protecting User Accounts
/.secure/etc/*, Auditing
/etc, Verifying Permission Settings on Network Control Files
/etc/d_passwd, System Access by Modem
/etc/default/fs, Task 5. Create the New File System
/etc/dialups, System Access by Modem
/etc/exports, Mounting Remote File Systems, Solving Mounting Problems, Controlling Administrative Domain, Verifying Permission Settings on Network Control Files, Files Mounted in an NFS Environment
/etc/fstab, Booting Series 800 Systems, Task 5. Create the New File System, Mounting File Systems Using HP-UX Commands, Mounting File Systems Automatically at Bootup, Adding, Modifying, or Removing File System Swap, Configuring Primary and Secondary Swap, Guidelines for Mounting and Unmounting a File System
quota option, Step 4: Turn On the Disk Quotas
/etc/ftpusers, Denying Access with /etc/ftpusers
/etc/group, Defining Working Groups, /etc/passwd, Controlling Administrative Domain
/etc/hosts, Configuring a Relay Agent, Verifying Permission Settings on Network Control Files
/etc/hosts.equiv, Controlling Administrative Domain, Verifying Permission Settings on Network Control Files
/etc/inetd.conf, Adding a Remote Printer to the LP Spooler, Verifying Permission Settings on Network Control Files
/etc/inittab, Controlling Usage and Processes with Run-Levels
/etc/issue, Customizing the Login
/etc/logingroup, Defining Working Groups
/etc/lvmtab, Commands Needed for Volume Group Management Tasks, Moving and Reconfiguring Your Disks, When a Volume Group Will Not Activate
/etc/mnttab, Solving Mounting Problems
/etc/netgroup, Controlling Administrative Domain, Verifying Permission Settings on Network Control Files
/etc/networks, Verifying Permission Settings on Network Control Files
/etc/passwd, Defining Working Groups, Setting Up Your Trusted System, Managing Passwords and System Access, Two Password Files, /etc/passwd, Eliminating Pseudo-Accounts and Protecting Key Subsystems, How IDs are Set
/etc/protocols, Verifying Permission Settings on Network Control Files
/etc/rc.config.d/auditing, Setting Up Your Trusted System
/etc/rc.config.d/nfsconf, Mounting Remote File Systems, Solving Mounting Problems
/etc/resolv.conf, Solving Mounting Problems
/etc/rpc, Using inetd.sec to Restrict Outside Access
/etc/securetty, Protecting User Accounts
/etc/services, Adding a Remote Printer to the LP Spooler, Verifying Permission Settings on Network Control Files, Using inetd.sec to Restrict Outside Access, Denying Access with /etc/ftpusers
/sbin/bcheckrc, Reviewing the Status of the File System, Diagnosing a Corrupt File System
/sbin/init.d/hfsmount, Solving Mounting Problems
/sbin/rc2.d/S760auditing, Setting Up Your Trusted System
/stand/build, Steps to Reconfigure the Kernel
/stand/build/vmunix_test, Steps to Reconfigure the Kernel
/stand/system, Steps to Reconfigure the Kernel, Primary and Secondary Swap, Configuring Primary and Secondary Swap, Configuring Dump Using HP-UX Commands
/stand/vmunix, Steps to Reconfigure the Kernel
/stand/vmunix (Series 800), Selecting a Kernel to Boot
/tcb/files/auth/*/*, Setting Up Your Trusted System, Managing Passwords and System Access, Two Password Files, /tcb/files/auth/*/*, Device-Based Access Control, Manipulating the Trusted System Databases, How IDs are Set
/tcb/files/ttys, Device-Based Access Control
/tmp, Guidelines for Trusted Backup and Recovery
/usr/share/lib/terminfo/*, Setting Up Non-HP Terminals
/var/adm/fbackupfiles/dates, Backup Levels
/var/adm/inetd.sec, Adding a Remote Printer to the LP Spooler, Using inetd.sec to Restrict Outside Access

A

accept, Adding a Local Printer to the LP Spooler, Creating a Printer Class, Controlling the Flow of Print Requests
access
device-based access, Time-Based Access Control
password, /tcb/files/auth/*/*
restricting, Using inetd.sec to Restrict Outside Access
terminal control, /tcb/files/auth/*/*
time-based access, /tcb/files/auth/*/*, Time-Based Access Control
access control lists (ACL), Setting File Access Permissions, Converting an Existing HFS File System to a VxFS File System, Using ACLs, chacl, and lsacl
and HP-UX commands, ACLs and HP-UX Commands and Calls
network environment, ACLs in a Network Environment
trusted system backup/recovery, Guidelines for Trusted Backup and Recovery
adding a disk
alternatives to, Adding New Disks
to volume group, Task 3. Add a Disk to a Volume Group If Necessary
adding a file system, Overview of File System Tasks, An Introduction to VxFS, Task 5. Create the New File System
address
hardware (station), Getting the Hardware (Station) Address
Internet, Obtaining Information About Your Server and Client, Adding Clients to a Cluster
adm, Eliminating Pseudo-Accounts and Protecting Key Subsystems
administrative domain, Controlling Administrative Domain
alternate kernel (Series 800), Booting an Alternate Kernel
alternate links, Increasing Availability with Alternate Links, Setting Up Alternate Links to a Physical Volume
alternate root
defined, Terminology
installation, Installing Series 700 System Software on a Series 800 Cluster Server
archiving files, Archiving Files
asynchronous write (mirroring), Should My Mirrored Data Be Written Simultaneously or Sequentially?
at, Setting Up Your Trusted System, Guidelines for System Initialization
audevent, Auditing, Streamlining Audit Log Data
audisp, Auditing, Streamlining Audit Log Data
Audit File Switch (AFS), Auditing, Audit Log Files
audit flag, /tcb/files/auth/*/*
audit ID (aid), Setting Up Your Trusted System, /etc/passwd, /tcb/files/auth/*/*, How IDs are Set
auditing, Auditing
audit monitor, Audit Log Files
auditable actions, Auditing
auxiliary log file, Auditing
commands, Auditing
diskless environment, Using Auditing in an NFS Diskless Environment
enable, Auditing
events, Auditing
guidelines, Guidelines for Administering Your Auditing System
log file, Audit Log Files
log files, Auditing, Audit Log Files
NFS environment, Performance Considerations
parameters, Auditing
performance, Performance Considerations
primary log file, Auditing
self-auditing programs, Streamlining Audit Log Data
streamlining log data, Streamlining Audit Log Data
system calls, Auditing
users, Planning System Security, Auditing
viewing audit logs, Viewing Audit Logs
warning messages, Audit Log Files
audomon, Auditing, Audit Log Files
audswitch, Streamlining Audit Log Data
audsys, Auditing, Streamlining Audit Log Data
audusr, Auditing, Streamlining Audit Log Data
audwrite, Streamlining Audit Log Data
authentication, Planning System Security, Managing Passwords and System Access
authorization, Planning System Security
Authorization Number, Managing Passwords and System Access
AUTO file (Series 800)
installing, Using the AUTO File
using, Using the AUTO File
autoboot (Series 800)
booting, Booting Series 800 Systems
disabling or enabling, Disabling or Enabling autoboot
interrupted or disabled, If autoboot is Interrupted or Disabled
auxiliary audit log file, Auditing, Audit Log Files

B

backup devices
in an NFS cluster, Backup Devices
backup media
security of, Guidelines for Trusted Backup and Recovery
backups
automating, Setting Up an Automated Backup Schedule
cartridge tapes, Restoring Your Data Using HP-UX Commands
determining how often, Determining How Often to Back Up Data
determining which data, Determining What Data to Back Up
excluded files, Determining What Data to Back Up
fbackup, The fbackup Command
full, Full Backups vs. Incremental Backups
graph file, Determining What Data to Back Up
HP-UX commands, Backing Up Your Data Using HP-UX Commands
included files, Determining What Data to Back Up
incremental, Full Backups vs. Incremental Backups
index files, The fbackup Command, Creating the Index File on the Local Device
infrequently used files, Archiving Files
initial backup, Customizing System-Wide and User Login Environments
levels, Backup Levels
magnetic tapes, The fbackup Command
media capacity, Choosing the Type of Storage Device
restoring data, Determining What Data to Restore, Restoring Your Data Using HP-UX Commands
SAM, Before Backing Up Your Data
schedule file, Creating an Automated Backup Schedule File
snapshot file system, Quick Reference on How to Perform OnlineJFS Tasks, Using a Snapshot File System for Online Backup Purposes, Creating Your Snapshot File System
storage device, Choosing the Type of Storage Device
tcio, Restoring Your Data Using HP-UX Commands
trusted system, Setting Up Your Trusted System, Guidelines for Trusted Backup and Recovery
utilities, Choosing the Type of Storage Device
volume group configuration, Backing Up and Restoring Your Volume Group Configuration
bad block relocation, Bad Block Relocation
batch, Setting Up Your Trusted System
bdf, Problems After Reducing the Size of a Logical Volume, Monitoring Current Disk Usage, Guidelines for Setting Up File System Swap Areas, Auditing
BDRA (Boot Data Reserved Area), Creating the Root Volume Group and a Root Logical Volume, Configuring Dump Using HP-UX Commands
bin, Eliminating Pseudo-Accounts and Protecting Key Subsystems
blkclear, Mounting a VxFS File System Using VxFS-Specific mount Options
block (VxFS), Quick Reference on How to Perform OnlineJFS Tasks
block device file, Naming Physical Volumes, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands
block size (LVM), What Is Disk Striping?, Determining Optimum Stripe Size
boot administration utility, If the Computer Is Not Currently Running, Booting New Clients
boot area, Creating the Root Volume Group and a Root Logical Volume
boot console user interface, If the Computer Is Not Currently Running, Booting New Clients
boot disk
creating, Creating the Root Volume Group and a Root Logical Volume
boot path (Series 800)
alternate, If autoboot is Interrupted or Disabled
changing, Changing the Primary Boot Path
primary, If autoboot is Interrupted or Disabled
booting
alternate kernel (Series 800), Booting an Alternate Kernel
boot administration mode, If the Computer Is Not Currently Running
client through gateway, Configuring a Relay Agent
file system check (Series 700), Reviewing the Status of the File System
from other devices (Series 800), Booting From Other Devices
kernel (Series 800), Selecting a Kernel to Boot
LVM data structures lost, Booting When LVM Data Structures Are Lost
maintenance mode (Series 800), Booting in Maintenance Mode
new clients, Booting New Clients
quorum override option, Quorum Problems with Your Root Volume Group
root logical volume role in, Creating the Root Volume Group and a Root Logical Volume
Series 700, Booting Series 700 Systems
Series 800, Booting Series 800 Systems
source, Determining a Boot Source
startup scripts, Customizing System Startup
system (Series 700), Booting From Other Devices
breach of security, Guidelines for Handling Security Breaches
build environment, Steps to Reconfigure the Kernel

C

C shell
environment variable, Using SAM with an X Window System, Setting Up Non-HP Terminals
login files, Customizing System-Wide and User Login Environments
setting up news, Setting Up news
cancel, Summary of Additional Printer Tasks, Solving Common Printer Problems
cartridge tape data blocking (tcio), Restoring Your Data Using HP-UX Commands
catman, Setting Up the Online Manpages
CD ROM, Facts about Disk Management Now
CD-ROM File System (CDFS), Determining What Type of File System You Should Use
chacl, Using ACLs, chacl, and lsacl
character (raw) device file, Naming Physical Volumes, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands
chfn, Streamlining Audit Log Data, /etc/passwd
chgrp, Setting Ownership for Files
chmod, Setting File Access Permissions, Using ACLs, chacl, and lsacl, Protecting Disk Partitions
chown, Introducing Disk Quotas, /etc/passwd, Guidelines for Trusted Backup and Recovery
chsh, Streamlining Audit Log Data, /etc/passwd
closesync, Mounting a VxFS File System Using VxFS-Specific mount Options
cluster client
adding (using SAM), Adding Clients to a Cluster
boot console user interface, If the Computer Is Not Currently Running
booting new clients, Booting New Clients
defined, What Is an NFS Diskless Cluster?
local disk, Adding a Local Disk
what to do after creating, What To Do Next
cluster server
backup devices, Backup Devices
defined, What Is an NFS Diskless Cluster?
disk storage, Disk Storage
hardware address, Getting the Hardware (Station) Address
installing software, Installing Diskless Software, Installing Series 700 System Software on a Series 800 Cluster Server
LAN, Local Area Network (LAN)
printers and plotters, Printers and Plotters
private root, Terminology
setting up, Setting Up the Cluster Server
shared root, Terminology
cluster-wide resource, Peripherals
config, Configuring Primary and Secondary Swap, Configuring Dump Using HP-UX Commands
console, What Tasks Will I Find in This Chapter?
contiguous allocation
and logical volume size, What Size Logical Volume Does a File System Require?
and mirroring, Should My Mirrored Data Be Distributed With or Without Gaps?
defined, How LVM Works
for dump, Configuring Dump Using HP-UX Commands
continuation inodes, ACLs and HP-UX Commands and Calls
converting HFS to VxFS, Converting an Existing HFS File System to a VxFS File System
converting to logical volumes, Converting Current Disks to New LVM Disks, Converting a Non-Root Disk
convosync, Mounting a VxFS File System Using VxFS-Specific mount Options
copyutil, Recovering From a System Crash
core dump, Setting Up Dump Areas
corrupt files, indications of, Diagnosing a Corrupt File System
cp, Archiving Files
cpio, Archiving Files, Choosing the Type of Storage Device
cpset, Step 2: Create the quotas File
crash recovery, Determining What Data to Restore
creating logical volume, example, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands
cron
changing the system clock, Potential Problems Caused by Changing the System Clock
terminating, Setting the Time and Date
crontab, Creating an Automated Backup Schedule File, Activating an Automated Backup Schedule, Deactivating an Automated Backup Schedule, Setting Up Your Trusted System, Guidelines for System Initialization

D

daemon, Eliminating Pseudo-Accounts and Protecting Key Subsystems
Internet, Adding a Remote Printer to the LP Spooler
database partitions, Distributing the Raw Data Over Your Disks, Determining Optimum Stripe Size
datainlog, Mounting a VxFS File System Using VxFS-Specific mount Options
date, Setting the Time and Date
setting, Setting the Time and Date
dates file, Backup Levels
dd, Archiving Files
deactivation of processes, What is Swap Space?
default permissions, Setting Default Permissions
defragmenting VxFS, Quick Reference on How to Perform OnlineJFS Tasks, Example: Daily Defragmentation
delaylog, Mounting a VxFS File System Using VxFS-Specific mount Options
DEV_BSIZE, Adjusting Swap Space System Parameters
device assignment database, trusted system, Manipulating the Trusted System Databases
device file
creating, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands
for logical volumes, Naming Logical Volumes
for physical volumes, Naming Physical Volumes
names, Naming Physical Volumes
device files
security considerations, Security Considerations for Device Files
device swap, Device Swap
adding on non-partitioned disk, Adding, Modifying, or Removing Device Swap
adding/modifying/removing, Adding, Modifying, or Removing Device Swap
and remote access, Device Swap
performance considerations, Guidelines for Setting Up Device Swap Areas
device-based access control, Time-Based Access Control
devices (Series 700), Booting From Other Devices
devices (Series 800), Booting From Other Devices
df, Monitoring Current Disk Usage
dialback, System Access by Modem
directories
defragmenting VxFS, Quick Reference on How to Perform OnlineJFS Tasks, Defragmenting Directories
directory access, Using ACLs, chacl, and lsacl
directory permissions, setting default, Setting Default Permissions
directory tree, Overview of File System Tasks
disable, Removing a Printer from the LP Spooler, Enabling or Disabling a Printer, Solving Common Printer Problems
disk arrays, Facts about Disk Management Now, Who Should Use Logical Volumes?, What Is Disk Striping?
disk drive
cluster client restrictions, What Is an NFS Diskless Cluster?
distributing in a cluster, Disk Storage
local, What Is an NFS Diskless Cluster?
setting up, Disk Drives
disk interface types, Useful Facts About LVM, Spanning Disks With File Systems, Naming Logical Volumes for Raw Data
disk partitions, protecting, Protecting Disk Partitions
disk quotas
description, Introducing Disk Quotas
hard limits, Introducing Disk Quotas, What To Do When Exceeding a Hard Limit
limits, Defining Limits For Multiple Users
limits for individuals, Setting Limits for an Individual User
planning, Introducing Disk Quotas
preventing disk space problems with, Resolving Disk Space Problems
setting up, Setting Up and Turning On Disk Quotas
soft limits, Introducing Disk Quotas
starting, Step 4: Turn On the Disk Quotas
status, Reporting File System Usage, Reporting a Summary of Ownership
turning off, Turning Off Disk Quotas
turning on, Setting Up and Turning On Disk Quotas
disk sections (hard partitions), Disk Management Prior to 10.0 HP-UX
disk space
managing with LVM, What Tasks Will I Find in This Chapter?
manpages, Setting Up the Online Manpages
problems, Resolving Disk Space Problems
disk storage, Disk Storage
disk striping
and I/O performance, What Are the Benefits of LVM Disk Striping?
defined, What Is Disk Striping?
determining optimum stripe size, Determining Optimum Stripe Size
drawbacks, What Are the Drawbacks of Disk Striping?
guidelines, Disk Striping Guidelines
how to create, Creating Striped Logical Volumes
interleaved disks, Disk Striping Guidelines
logical to physical extents, Disk Striping Guidelines
maximum number of disks, Disk Striping Guidelines
minimum number of disks, Disk Striping Guidelines
on 10.01, Facts about Disk Management Now
performance considerations, Disk Striping Guidelines
using disk arrays, What Is Disk Striping?
using logical volumes, Who Should Use Logical Volumes?
using SDS, Disk Management Prior to 10.0 HP-UX, What Is Disk Striping?
disk usage
limiting with disk quotas, Introducing Disk Quotas
quot, Reporting a Summary of Ownership
quota, Reporting Individual Usage
repquota, Reporting File System Usage
diskinfo, Task 5. Create the New File System
disks supporting LVM, Naming Logical Volumes for Raw Data
DISPLAY, Using SAM with an X Window System
dmesg, Estimating Your Swap Space Needs
Domain Name Server, Solving Mounting Problems, Obtaining Information About Your Server and Client, Configuring a Relay Agent, Adding Clients to a Cluster
double mirroring, Why Mirror Data?, How Many Mirror Copies Should I Use?
dsync, Mounting a VxFS File System Using VxFS-Specific mount Options
du, What Size Logical Volume Does a File System Require?
dual cabling (dual controllers), Increasing Availability with Alternate Links, Setting Up Alternate Links to a Physical Volume
dump, Archiving Files, Choosing the Type of Storage Device
dump area
configuring, Setting Up Dump Areas
dump logical volume, Creating the Root Volume Group and a Root Logical Volume, Configuring Dump Using HP-UX Commands
dynamic allocation of swap, Adding, Modifying, or Removing Device Swap
dynamic write (mirroring), Should My Mirrored Data Be Written Simultaneously or Sequentially?

E

edquota
-p option, Defining Limits For Multiple Users
-t option, Setting Soft Time Limits
description, Step 3: Set User Quotas
effective group ID, Why setuid Programs Can Be Risky
effective user ID, Why setuid Programs Can Be Risky
electronic mail
elm, Setting Up Electronic Mail
mail, mailx, Setting Up Electronic Mail
NFS cluster policies, Policies for Electronic Mail
setting up, Setting Up Electronic Mail
elm, Setting Up Electronic Mail
enable, Adding a Local Printer to the LP Spooler, Enabling or Disabling a Printer, Solving Common Printer Problems
encrypted password field, /etc/passwd, /tcb/files/auth/*/*
environment variable
DISPLAY, Using SAM with an X Window System
IFS, Guidelines for System Initialization
PATH, Guidelines for System Initialization
PRIMPATH, Changing the Primary Boot Path
TERM, Setting Up Non-HP Terminals
TZ, Setting the Time Zone (TZ)
events, auditable, Auditing
excluded files, Determining What Data to Back Up
exec, Guidelines for Limiting setuid Power
expiration time, password aging, Password Aging
exportfs, Mounting Remote File Systems, Solving Mounting Problems, Restoring Your Data Using HP-UX Commands
exporting file systems, Mounting Remote File Systems, Controlling Administrative Domain
extendfs, Changing the Size of Your File System Within a Logical Volume, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands, Problems After Reducing the Size of a Logical Volume, Using HP-UX Commands
extending file system, Using HP-UX Commands
extent attributes (VxFS), Quick Reference on How to Perform OnlineJFS Tasks, Using OnlineJFS to View and Modify Extent Attributes
extent size (LVM), How LVM Works
extents (VxFS), Quick Reference on How to Perform OnlineJFS Tasks, Using OnlineJFS to View and Modify Extent Attributes

F

fbackup
active files, The fbackup Command
backup levels, Backup Levels
comparing, Choosing the Type of Storage Device
examples, The fbackup Command
excluded files, Determining What Data to Back Up
graph file, Determining What Data to Back Up
included files, Determining What Data to Back Up
multiple devices, The fbackup Command
NFS mount points, Restoring Your Data Using HP-UX Commands
recovering disk space, Archiving Files
trusted backup, Guidelines for Trusted Backup and Recovery
fcntl, Guidelines for Limiting setuid Power
fence priority, Controlling the Order of Printing
file, Checking an HFS File System
file access, controlling, Using ACLs, chacl, and lsacl
file permissions, Using ACLs, chacl, and lsacl
and disk partitions, Protecting Disk Partitions
listing, Using ACLs, chacl, and lsacl
setting default, Setting Default Permissions
File Space Switch (FSS), Auditing, Audit Log Files
file system
"orphaned" files, Checking an HFS File System
checking (Series 700), Reviewing the Status of the File System
checking (Series 800), Reviewing the Status of the File System
checking with fsck, Checking an HFS File System, Checking a VxFS File System
copying, Copying a File System Across Devices
corruption, Dealing with File System Corruption
creating, Overview of File System Tasks, An Introduction to VxFS, Task 5. Create the New File System
defragmenting VxFS, Quick Reference on How to Perform OnlineJFS Tasks, Defragmenting Extents
disk space free on, Monitoring Current Disk Usage
displaying usage, Displaying Limits and File System Usage
exporting, Mounting Remote File Systems
extending, Changing the Size of Your File System Within a Logical Volume, Extending the Size of a File System Within a Logical Volume
in logical volume, Setting Up Logical Volumes for File Systems, Extending the Size of a File System Within a Logical Volume
increasing size of, Changing the Size of Your File System Within a Logical Volume, Extending the Size of a File System Within a Logical Volume
locally mounted, Mounting File Systems, Disk Storage
lost+found directory, Checking an HFS File System
mounting, Overview of File System Tasks, Mounting File Systems, Solving Mounting Problems, Step 1: Mount the File System
mounting at bootup, Mounting File Systems Automatically at Bootup
on multiple disks, Spanning Disks With File Systems
overhead, What Size Logical Volume Does a File System Require?
overview, Overview of File System Tasks
remotely mounted, Mounting File Systems
replacing with smaller one, Changing the Size of Your File System Within a Logical Volume, Replacing an Existing File System with a Smaller One
root on cluster server, What Is an NFS Diskless Cluster?
space, Disk Storage
space for, What Size Logical Volume Does a File System Require?
stripe size for, Determining Optimum Stripe Size
type specification keywords, An Introduction to VxFS
types of, Determining What Type of File System You Should Use
unmounting, Overview of File System Tasks, Unmounting File Systems, Solving Unmounting Problems, Guidelines for Mounting and Unmounting a File System
unmounting at shutdown, Unmounting File Systems Automatically at Shutdown
file system swap, File System Swap
adding/modifying/removing, Adding, Modifying, or Removing File System Swap
maximum number enabled, Adding, Modifying, or Removing File System Swap
performance considerations, Guidelines for Setting Up File System Swap Areas
remote file system, File System Swap
vs device swap, File System Swap
files
access control lists (ACL), Setting File Access Permissions
access permissions, Controlling File Access, Controlling Usage and Processes with Run-Levels
archiving, Archiving Files
corrupt, Diagnosing a Corrupt File System
excluded, Determining What Data to Back Up
graph, Determining What Data to Back Up
included, Determining What Data to Back Up
moving, Moving Files
ownership, Controlling File Access
protecting, Using ACLs, chacl, and lsacl
removing, Removing Files
truncating, Removing Files
fileset
NONHPTERM, Setting Up Non-HP Terminals
removing, Removing Unwanted Software Products
X11-RUN, Using SAM with an X Window System
find, Guidelines for Handling Security Breaches
floppy disk drive, Task 5. Create the New File System
floppy disks, Facts about Disk Management Now
font service, Manually Setting Initial Information, Setting Initial Information
fonts, Removing Files
fragmentation, Quick Reference on How to Perform OnlineJFS Tasks, Reducing Fragmentation to Maintain Performance
frecover
active files, Restoring Your Data Using HP-UX Commands
comparing, Choosing the Type of Storage Device
crossing NFS mount points, Restoring Your Data Using HP-UX Commands
examples, Creating the Index File on the Local Device, Restoring Your Data Using HP-UX Commands
index file on device, Creating the Index File on the Local Device
recovering disk space, Archiving Files
restoring data, Restoring Your Data Using HP-UX Commands
trusted recovery, Guidelines for Trusted Backup and Recovery
freedisk, Removing Unwanted Software Products, Removing Files
fsadm, Quick Reference on How to Perform OnlineJFS Tasks, Reducing Fragmentation to Maintain Performance, Contracting VxFS
fsck, Locating and Correcting Corruption Using fsck, Checking a VxFS File System
-o full, Checking a VxFS File System
-p, Checking an HFS File System
HFS checking, Checking an HFS File System
interactive mode, Checking an HFS File System
interpreting results, Checking an HFS File System
Series 700, Reviewing the Status of the File System
Series 800, Reviewing the Status of the File System
VxFS checking, Checking a VxFS File System
fsclean, Reviewing the Status of the File System
FStype keywords, An Introduction to VxFS
ftpd, Denying Access with /etc/ftpusers
full backups, Full Backups vs. Incremental Backups
fuser, Solving Mounting Problems, Solving Unmounting Problems

H

hard disk drives, Facts about Disk Management Now
hard limits
description, Introducing Disk Quotas
reaching, What To Do When Exceeding a Hard Limit
hard partitions, Disk Management Prior to 10.0 HP-UX
hardware (station) address, Getting the Hardware (Station) Address
hardware failure
and alternate links, Increasing Availability with Alternate Links
and file corruption, Dealing with File System Corruption
hardware sparing, Bad Block Relocation
High Performance File System (HFS), Reconfiguring the Kernel, Determining What Type of File System You Should Use
checking, Checking an HFS File System
host name
set by set_parms, Manually Setting Initial Information
setting, Setting Initial Information
hostname, Solving Mounting Problems, Obtaining Information About Your Server and Client
hosts.equiv, Verifying Permission Settings on Network Control Files
HP High Availability Disk Array, Increasing Availability with Alternate Links
HP JetDirect, Adding a Network-Based Printer
HP VUE
login scripts, Customizing System-Wide and User Login Environments
run levels, Controlling Usage and Processes with Run-Levels
saving disk space using, Removing Files
tasks, Using HP VUE
when adding a local printer, Adding a Local Printer to the LP Spooler
HP-FL interface type, Using Disk I/O Interfaces
HP-IB interface type, Using Disk I/O Interfaces, What Tasks Will I Find in This Chapter?
HP-PB bus converter, Turning on Peripherals and the Computer
HP-UX
constructing a system, What Tasks Will I Find in This Chapter?
protections, Guidelines for Limiting setuid Power
shutdown, Shutting Down the System
starting and stopping, What Tasks Will I Find in This Chapter?
HP-UX Reference
setting up manpages, Setting Up the Online Manpages
hpterm, Guidelines for System Initialization
hpux (Series 800), Selecting a Kernel to Boot, Using the AUTO File, Booting an Alternate Kernel

I

I/O channel separation, Why Mirror Data?
how to create, Achieving I/O Channel Separation
when to use, Should I Use I/O Channel Separation?
id numbers, Summary of Additional Printer Tasks
IFS, Guidelines for Limiting setuid Power
included files, Determining What Data to Back Up
increasing size of file system, Changing the Size of Your File System Within a Logical Volume, Extending the Size of a File System Within a Logical Volume
incremental backups, Full Backups vs. Incremental Backups
index files
backup, The fbackup Command
viewing using frecover, Creating the Index File on the Local Device
inetd, Adding a Remote Printer to the LP Spooler
init, Controlling Usage and Processes with Run-Levels, Streamlining Audit Log Data, Guidelines for Handling Security Breaches
initial program loader (Series 800), If autoboot is Interrupted or Disabled
initial system loader (Series 700 and 800), Creating the Root Volume Group and a Root Logical Volume
initial system loader (Series 800), If autoboot is Interrupted or Disabled
inode, Protecting Disk Partitions
insf, Naming Physical Volumes, Mounting Local File Systems, Security Considerations for Device Files
intent log, Checking a VxFS File System
interface scripts (printer), Overview of the LP Spooler
interleaved striped disks, Disk Striping Guidelines
interleaved swapping, Setting Up Logical Volumes for Swap, Guidelines for Setting Up Device Swap Areas, Guidelines for Assigning Swap Priority
Internet daemon, Adding a Remote Printer to the LP Spooler
Internet protocol address, Manually Setting Initial Information, Setting Initial Information, Obtaining Information About Your Server and Client, Adding Clients to a Cluster
ioscan, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands, Mounting Local File Systems

L

LAN
backup devices, Backup Devices
clusters, Local Area Network (LAN)
hardware (station) address, Getting the Hardware (Station) Address
lanscan, If the Computer Is Currently Running
LIF volume, Creating the Root Volume Group and a Root Logical Volume
lifcp (Series 800), Using the AUTO File
lifetime, password aging, Password Aging
limits
displaying disk usage, Displaying Limits and File System Usage
line printer scheduler, Overview of the LP Spooler
link-level access, security concerns, Link-Level Access
ln, Moving Files
local disk, Adding a Local Disk
local file system, Mounting Local File Systems
local printer
adding to LP spooler, Adding a Local Printer to the LP Spooler
definition, Overview of Printer Types
local swap, Disk Storage
locally mounted file system
defined, Mounting File Systems
in an NFS cluster, Disk Storage
lock, Planning System Security
lockf, Guidelines for Limiting setuid Power
log files, Booting New Clients
logical extents, How LVM Works, Why Mirror Data?, What Is Disk Striping?, Disk Striping Guidelines
Logical Volume Manager (LVM)
disks supported, Naming Logical Volumes for Raw Data
naming conventions, LVM Naming Conventions
logical volumes
advantages, Who Should Use Logical Volumes?
bad block relocation, Bad Block Relocation
block device file, Naming Physical Volumes
character device file, Naming Physical Volumes
commands for, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands
configuration information, Commands Needed for Volume Group Management Tasks, Moving and Reconfiguring Your Disks
converting to, Converting Current Disks to New LVM Disks, Converting a Non-Root Disk
creating, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands
creating on a specific disk, Extending a Logical Volume to a Specific Disk
defined, What Are Logical Volumes?
extending, Extending a Logical Volume to a Specific Disk
file systems in, Extending the Size of a File System Within a Logical Volume
for file systems, Setting Up Logical Volumes for File Systems
for raw data, Setting Up Logical Volumes for Raw Data Storage
for swap, Setting Up Logical Volumes for Swap
I/O interface types, Using Disk I/O Interfaces
introduction of, Disk Management Prior to 10.0 HP-UX
large applications, Who Should Use Logical Volumes?
maintenance mode boot, Booting in Maintenance Mode, Creating the Root Volume Group and a Root Logical Volume, Booting When LVM Data Structures Are Lost
managing with SAM, Managing Logical Volumes Using SAM
naming, Naming Logical Volumes
performance issues, Planning for the Use of Logical Volumes, Spanning Disks With File Systems, Distributing the Raw Data Over Your Disks
planning use of, Planning for the Use of Logical Volumes, Increasing Availability with Alternate Links
reducing size of, Reducing the Size of a Logical Volume
root disk (Series 800), Selecting a Kernel to Boot
size, Setting Up Logical Volumes for File Systems, Changing the Size of Your File System Within a Logical Volume, Calculating the Space Required for a Raw Data Logical Volume
spanning disks, Spanning Disks With File Systems
troubleshooting, Solving LVM Problems, Troubleshooting an Existing SDS Disk
login, Streamlining Audit Log Data, Two Password Files, Security Considerations for Device Files
access, Controlling Login Access
customizing login files, Customizing System-Wide and User Login Environments
message of the day, Posting a Message of the Day
name, Password Selection and Generation
prompt, Customizing the Login
long file names, Task 5. Create the New File System
Loopback File System (LOFS), Determining What Type of File System You Should Use
lost+found directory, Checking an HFS File System, Guidelines for Trusted Backup and Recovery
lp, Eliminating Pseudo-Accounts and Protecting Key Subsystems
LP spooler
commands, Overview of the LP Spooler
initializing, Initializing the LP Spooler
interface scripts, Overview of the LP Spooler
local printer, Adding a Local Printer to the LP Spooler
overview, Overview of the LP Spooler
print requests, Overview of the LP Spooler
printer class, Creating a Printer Class
printer model files, Specifying the Printer Model File to the LP Spooler
printer queues, Overview of the LP Spooler
remote printer, Adding a Remote Printer to the LP Spooler
removing a printer, Removing a Printer from the LP Spooler
request directories, Overview of the LP Spooler
statistics, Summary of Additional Printer Tasks
stopping and restarting, Stopping and Restarting the LP Spooler
lpadmin, Specifying the Printer Model File to the LP Spooler, Adding a Local Printer to the LP Spooler, Adding a Remote Printer to the LP Spooler, Creating a Printer Class, Removing a Printer from the LP Spooler, Removing a Printer from a Printer Class, Controlling the Order of Printing
lpalt, Controlling the Order of Printing, Summary of Additional Printer Tasks
lpana, Summary of Additional Printer Tasks
lpcancel, Removing a Printer from the LP Spooler
lpdmin, Removing a Printer Class
lpfence, Controlling the Order of Printing
lpmove, Removing a Printer from the LP Spooler, Removing a Printer Class, Summary of Additional Printer Tasks
lpsched, Adding a Local Printer to the LP Spooler, Summary of Additional Printer Tasks, Streamlining Audit Log Data
lpshut, Creating a Printer Class, Summary of Additional Printer Tasks
lpstat, Removing a Printer from the LP Spooler, Removing a Printer Class, Stopping and Restarting the LP Spooler, Summary of Additional Printer Tasks
lsacl, Using ACLs, chacl, and lsacl
lshut, Adding a Local Printer to the LP Spooler
lssf, Mounting Local File Systems
lvchange, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands, Using HP-UX Commands
lvcreate, Spanning Disks With File Systems, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands, Using HP-UX Commands, Creating a Striped Logical Volume Using lvcreate
lvdisplay, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands, Manual Synchronization
lvextend, Spanning Disks With File Systems, Setting Up Logical Volumes for Swap, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands, Using HP-UX Commands, Using HP-UX Commands, Achieving I/O Channel Separation
lvlnboot, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands, Configuring Dump Using HP-UX Commands
lvmerge, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands, Doing an Online Backup by Splitting a Logical Volume
lvmmigrate, Converting Your Existing 10.01 Root Disk (Re-installation required)
lvreduce, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands, Reducing the Size of a Logical Volume, Problems After Reducing the Size of a Logical Volume, If You Are Using Logical Volumes, Using HP-UX Commands
lvremove, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands, Reducing the Size of a Logical Volume, Using HP-UX Commands
lvrmboot, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands, Configuring Dump Using HP-UX Commands
lvsplit, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands, Doing an Online Backup by Splitting a Logical Volume
lvsync, Manual Synchronization

M

mail, Setting Up Electronic Mail
mailx, Setting Up Electronic Mail
maintenance mode (Series 700), Booting in Maintenance Mode
maintenance mode (Series 800), Booting in Maintenance Mode
major number, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands
make, Potential Problems Caused by Changing the System Clock
man, Setting Up the Online Manpages
manpages
disk space, Setting Up the Online Manpages
removing source files, Setting Up the Online Manpages
setting up, Setting Up the Online Manpages
mapping logical to physical extents, How LVM Works
maxswapchunks parameter, Adjusting Swap Space System Parameters
maxvgs parameter, Useful Facts About LVM
MC/ServiceGuard, Increasing Availability with Alternate Links
mediainit, Task 5. Create the New File System
mem, Security Considerations for Device Files
message of the day, Posting a Message of the Day
mid-bus, Turning on Peripherals and the Computer
migrating SDS to LVM, What Is Disk Striping?
min_free, Audit Log Files
mincache=, Mounting a VxFS File System Using VxFS-Specific mount Options
minfree, What Size Logical Volume Does a File System Require?
minimum time, password aging, Password Aging
minor number, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands
Mirror Consistency Recovery, Which Crash Recovery Method Should I Select?
Mirror Write Cache (MWC), Which Crash Recovery Method Should I Select?
MirrorDisk/UX, Who Should Use Logical Volumes?, What Tasks Will I Find in This Chapter?
mirroring
advantages, Why Mirror Data?
commands for, Using HP-UX Commands
contiguous allocation, Should My Mirrored Data Be Distributed With or Without Gaps?
crash recovery methods, Which Crash Recovery Method Should I Select?
creating mirrored copies, Creating and Modifying Mirrored Logical Volumes
defined, Why Mirror Data?
disk failure and, Why Mirror Data?
disk space required, Why Mirror Data?, How Many Mirror Copies Should I Use?
double mirroring, Why Mirror Data?, How Many Mirror Copies Should I Use?
guidelines, Guidelines for Managing Mirrors
introduced, Who Should Use Logical Volumes?
logical to physical extents, How LVM Works, Why Mirror Data?
logical volumes, What Tasks Will I Find in This Chapter?, When Replacing a Disk
Mirror Consistency Recovery, Which Crash Recovery Method Should I Select?
Mirror Write Cache, Which Crash Recovery Method Should I Select?
modifying mirrored copies, Creating and Modifying Mirrored Logical Volumes
moving a mirror copy, Moving a Mirrored Logical Volume from One Disk to Another
number of copies, How Many Mirror Copies Should I Use?
online backup, Doing an Online Backup by Splitting a Logical Volume
primary swap logical volume, Mirroring the Root File System and Primary Swap
replacing a disk, When Replacing a Disk
root logical volume, Mirroring the Root File System and Primary Swap
single mirroring, Why Mirror Data?, How Many Mirror Copies Should I Use?
strict allocation, Should My Mirrored Data Reside on Different Disks?, Achieving I/O Channel Separation
synchronizing, Synchronizing a Mirrored Logical Volume
using physical volume groups, Naming Physical Volume Groups, Why Mirror Data?, Should I Use I/O Channel Separation?, Achieving I/O Channel Separation
write policies, Should My Mirrored Data Be Written Simultaneously or Sequentially?
mk_fnt_clnt, Removing Files
mk_kernel, Steps to Reconfigure the Kernel
mkboot, Creating the Root Volume Group and a Root Logical Volume
changing AUTO file (Series 800), Using the AUTO File
mknod, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands
mkrs, Recovering From a System Crash
mksf, Mounting Local File Systems
model files, Specifying the Printer Model File to the LP Spooler
modem, system access by, System Access by Modem
motd, Posting a Message of the Day
mount, Mounting File Systems Using HP-UX Commands, Guidelines for Mounting and Unmounting a File System
-o snapof=, Creating Your Snapshot File System
examples, Mounting Local File Systems, Mounting Remote File Systems
quotas option, Step 4: Turn On the Disk Quotas
VxFS options, Mounting a VxFS File System Using VxFS-Specific mount Options
mount point, Overview of File System Tasks, Mounting File Systems, Restoring Your Data Using HP-UX Commands, Guidelines for Mounting and Unmounting a File System
mountall, Mounting File Systems Using HP-UX Commands
mounting a file system, Overview of File System Tasks, Mounting File Systems, Solving Mounting Problems
at bootup, Mounting File Systems Automatically at Bootup
for disk quotas, Step 1: Mount the File System
problems, Solving Mounting Problems
security guidelines, Guidelines for Mounting and Unmounting a File System
moving data, Moving Data to a Different Physical Volume
moving disks, Moving and Reconfiguring Your Disks, Moving Disks Across Systems
mv, Archiving Files

N

ncheck, Guidelines for Mounting and Unmounting a File System, Guidelines for Handling Security Breaches
network
basis of cluster, What Is an NFS Diskless Cluster?
documentation, Setting Up Networking
environment, ACL in a, ACLs in a Network Environment
font service, Setting Initial Information
parameters, Manually Setting Initial Information, Setting Initial Information
services, Understanding Network Services
setting up, Setting Up Networking
network control files, permissions on, Verifying Permission Settings on Network Control Files
Network File System (NFS), Determining What Type of File System You Should Use, Setting Up Your Trusted System
crossing mount points, Restoring Your Data Using HP-UX Commands
mounting, Mounting Remote File Systems
mounting problems, Solving Mounting Problems
security concerns, Files Mounted in an NFS Environment
unmounting, Unmounting NFS File Systems
Network Information Service, Setting Up Your Trusted System
configuring on a gateway client, Configuring a Relay Agent
hostname, Obtaining Information About Your Server and Client
Internet protocol address, Adding Clients to a Cluster
policies for user and group data, Policies for the Location of User and Group Data
network security, Controlling Security on a Network
network-based printer
adding, Adding a Network-Based Printer
definition, Overview of Printer Types
newfs, Task 5. Create the New File System, If You Are Not Using Logical Volumes, Determining Optimum Stripe Size
newgrp, Defining Working Groups, Streamlining Audit Log Data, Guidelines for System Initialization
news, Setting Up news
NFS diskless cluster
adding cluster clients, Adding Clients to a Cluster
administering, Administering Your NFS Diskless Cluster
booting new clients, Booting New Clients
configuring a relay agent, Configuring a Relay Agent
defined, What Is an NFS Diskless Cluster?
help information, Help Information for NFS Diskless Clusters
installing software, Installing Diskless Software
LAN, Local Area Network (LAN)
member, What Is an NFS Diskless Cluster?
node, What Is an NFS Diskless Cluster?
policies, Planning Your Cluster Policies
server, What Is an NFS Diskless Cluster?
setting up hardware, Setting Up NFS Cluster Hardware
setting up the server, Setting Up the Cluster Server
tasks, Where to Perform Tasks
why create, Reasons for Creating an NFS Diskless Cluster
NFS diskless environment, auditing, Using Auditing in an NFS Diskless Environment
nodes, Controlling Administrative Domain
nolog, Mounting a VxFS File System Using VxFS-Specific mount Options
non-contiguous allocation, How LVM Works
non-HP terminals, Setting Up Non-HP Terminals
NONHPTERM fileset, Setting Up Non-HP Terminals
nswapdev parameter, Guidelines for Setting Up Device Swap Areas
nswapfs parameter, Adding, Modifying, or Removing File System Swap

P

paging, What is Swap Space?
parallel write (mirroring), Should My Mirrored Data Be Written Simultaneously or Sequentially?
partitions, Disk Management Prior to 10.0 HP-UX
passwd, Controlling Login Access, Streamlining Audit Log Data, /etc/passwd
password
aging, Managing Passwords and System Access, /etc/passwd, /tcb/files/auth/*/*, Password Aging
criteria, Criteria of a Good Password
database, Setting Up Your Trusted System, Managing Passwords and System Access, /tcb/files/auth/*/*
encrypted field, /etc/passwd, /tcb/files/auth/*/*
encryption, Two Password Files
entries, manipulating, Manipulating the Trusted System Databases
expiration time, Password Aging
generation, /tcb/files/auth/*/*
integrity, Managing Passwords and System Access
lifetime, Password Aging
minimum time, Password Aging
security, Managing Passwords and System Access
types of, /tcb/files/auth/*/*
password file
fields, Two Password Files
protected password database, Setting Up Your Trusted System, Managing Passwords and System Access, /tcb/files/auth/*/*
PATH, Guidelines for Limiting setuid Power
PCL, Specifying the Printer Model File to the LP Spooler
peripherals
adding, Adding Peripherals
in an NFS cluster, Peripherals
local printer, Adding a Local Printer to the LP Spooler
network-based printer, Adding a Network-Based Printer
turning on, What Tasks Will I Find in This Chapter?
permission bits, Protecting Disk Partitions
permissions, file, Setting File Access Permissions, Using ACLs, chacl, and lsacl
physical extents, How LVM Works, Why Mirror Data?, Disk Striping Guidelines
physical memory, What is Swap Space?
displaying, Estimating Your Swap Space Needs
physical volume
commands for, Commands Needed for Physical Volume Management Tasks
creating, Managing Logical Volumes Using HP-UX Commands
defined, Useful Facts About LVM
moving data within, Moving Data to a Different Physical Volume
naming, LVM Naming Conventions
physical volume group
defined, Why Mirror Data?
introduced, Naming Physical Volume Groups
naming, Naming Physical Volume Groups
physical volume groups
separating into, Achieving I/O Channel Separation
ping, Mounting Remote File Systems, Configuring a Relay Agent
plotters
features, What Tasks Will I Find in This Chapter?
in an NFS cluster, Peripherals
model files, Specifying the Printer Model File to the LP Spooler
policies
electronic mail, Policies for Electronic Mail
home directories, Policies for the Location of Home Directories
private, Planning Your Cluster Policies
setting cluster, Setting the Policies for a Cluster
shared, Planning Your Cluster Policies
user and group data, Policies for the Location of User and Group Data
POSIX shell
environment variable, Using SAM with an X Window System, Setting Up Non-HP Terminals
login files, Customizing System-Wide and User Login Environments
setting up news, Setting Up news
post-installation tasks, Tasks After Installing HP-UX and Peripherals
PostScript printers, Specifying the Printer Model File to the LP Spooler
power failure, Dealing with Power Failures, Guidelines for Trusted Backup and Recovery
primary audit log file, Auditing, Audit Log Files
primary boot path (Series 800), Booting Series 800 Systems, If autoboot is Interrupted or Disabled, Changing the Primary Boot Path
primary swap, Primary and Secondary Swap
as a dump area, Setting Up Dump Areas
configuring, Configuring Primary and Secondary Swap
reconfiguring, Configuring Primary and Secondary Swap
PRIMPATH variable (Series 800), Changing the Primary Boot Path
print request
alter, Summary of Additional Printer Tasks
cancel, Summary of Additional Printer Tasks
id numbers, Summary of Additional Printer Tasks
move destination, Summary of Additional Printer Tasks
overview, Overview of the LP Spooler
status, Summary of Additional Printer Tasks
printer
adding a local printer, Adding a Local Printer to the LP Spooler
adding a network-based printer, Adding a Network-Based Printer
adding a remote printer, Adding a Remote Printer to the LP Spooler
classes, Creating a Printer Class
command language, Specifying the Printer Model File to the LP Spooler
daemon, Adding a Remote Printer to the LP Spooler
disabling, Enabling or Disabling a Printer
enabling, Enabling or Disabling a Printer
in an NFS cluster, Peripherals
interface scripts, Overview of the LP Spooler, Specifying the Printer Model File to the LP Spooler
local, Overview of Printer Types
local printer, Adding a Local Printer to the LP Spooler
model files, Specifying the Printer Model File to the LP Spooler
network-based, Overview of Printer Types, Adding a Network-Based Printer
non-HP, Specifying the Printer Model File to the LP Spooler
order of printing, Controlling the Order of Printing
problems and solutions, Solving Common Printer Problems
queues, Overview of the LP Spooler, Removing a Printer from the LP Spooler
remote, Overview of Printer Types, Adding a Remote Printer to the LP Spooler
removing from a class, Removing a Printer from a Printer Class
removing from the LP spooler, Removing a Printer from the LP Spooler
request flow, Controlling the Flow of Print Requests
scheduler, Overview of the LP Spooler
status, Summary of Additional Printer Tasks
tasks, Summary of Additional Printer Tasks
types, Overview of Printer Types
printer class
creating, Creating a Printer Class
removing, Removing a Printer Class
removing a printer, Removing a Printer from a Printer Class
private root, Terminology
privileged programs, Guidelines for Mounting and Unmounting a File System
process ID, Setting the Time and Date
processes