Changing Existing Procedures

This section suggests procedures you should implement while still running 9.x, in order to make system administration easier once you are running 10.01.

Backups

As of 10.0, the structure of HP-UX has changed: when you come up on 10.01 or 10.10 many system files and commands will be in new locations, and in some cases these files and commands will also cause things to happen differently from the way they did on 9.x.

This means not only that you usually cannot recover 9.x system files onto a 10.x system and expect them to work, but that you should also guard against such a recovery happening accidentally — because system (or "structural") files were backed up on the same tape as user files, for example.

"System" or "structural" files are those that form part of HP-UX, in particular files in / (root), /bin, /etc/, /usr/bin and /usr/lib on a 9.x system.




	CAUTION: HP supports only one method of upgrading from 9.x to 10.x: that is, running the 10.01 upgrade software to get to 10.01, then upgrading to 10.10 if you so decide. (9.07 systems must upgrade to 10.10, via a special version of 10.01 that is supported only for that purpose.) If you install 10.x onto a system that was previously running an earlier HP-UX release, you will have to re-customize the system from scratch. If you try to merge customized 9.x system files with their 10.x counterparts, you are unlikely to succeed in producing a fully operational system, and HP will not be able to support the result.




	NOTE: When you upgrade to 10.01, the upgrade software will preserve as much of your customization as possible in the "structural" files. If you then decide to upgrade to 10.10, your customization will be preserved as in any other HP-UX upgrade. You may still have to modify some 10.01 system scripts, for example to preserve code you added to 9.x startup and shutdown scripts. See Chapter 7 “After the Upgrade ” for information on modifying system startup and shutdown files, and Chapter 8 “Compatibility between 9.x Releases and 10.01 ” for guidelines on recovering (and moving and mounting) files from 9.x to 10.x.

Recommendation for Routine Backups on Existing 9.x Systems

HP recommends that you implement the following policies on your 9.x systems as soon as possible.

Begin backing up "data" files (user and application directories) separately from "structural" files (HP system directories), so that a given tape (or archive volume) contains only "data" or "structure" — only user files or system files.
For the purposes of this discussion, "system" files are HP-supplied files in the following 9.x directories:
/usr (particularly /usr/bin and /usr/lib ) /etc /bin /lib /dev /system
Most 9.x files in these directories will not work on 10.x. You should never recover them to their original (9.x) pathnames on a 10.x system.
Use fbackup(1M) to do backups, or back up files to relative rather than absolute pathnames.
See Chapter 8 “Compatibility between 9.x Releases and 10.01 ” for more information on recovering, moving or mounting files from 9.x systems onto a 10.x system.

If your system is an HP-UX cluster and it stores context-dependent files (CDFs) in directories other than the HP "system" directories listed above (for example, if you have created CDFs yourself, or if you have applications that reside in CDFs or that create CDFs at run-time) you also should begin backing up these directories separately.

As of 10.0, the "hidden directories" that comprise CDFs are treated as ordinary directories. For example, the CDF element /myapp/outputfile+/node1 will become an ordinary file (node1) in the ordinary directory /myapp1/outputfile+ when you use tar or frecover to restore it to a 10.x system.

See “Preparing for Changes to HP-UX Clusters”, later in this chapter.




	NOTE: Avoid recovering HP-created CDFs onto 10.x systems; these are "structural" files and will not work on 10.x (see the guidelines for "structural" files above). If you mount a disk containing CDFs onto a 10.x system, you won't see the plus sign in the directory name, but the sticky and directory bits will be set.

Changing Existing Procedures

Technical documentation

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Backups

Recommendation for Routine Backups on Existing 9.x Systems