List of compile-line options

The +asm option compiles the named programs and leaves the assembler-language output in corresponding files whose names have the .s extension. The assembler-language output produced by this option is not supported as input to the assembler.

The default is +noasm.

The -S option can be used to perform the same function as +asm.

The +autodbl option increases the default size of integer, logical, and real items to 8 bytes. It also increases the default size of double precision and complex items to 16 bytes. This option does not increase the size of the following:

For example, the following are unaffected by +autodbl:

INTEGER(KIND=4)

INTEGER(4) J

REAL*8 D

3.1416_4, 113_4

Note, however, that constants specified with an exponent—for example, 4.0E0 and 2.3D0—are doubled.

Items promoted include constants, scalar variables, arrays, components of derived types, and record fields. This option also promotes intrinsics as well as the results and arguments of user-defined functions to the proper precision. Types specified in ON statements are also promoted.

The entire program should be compiled with this option, not just selected files.

This option is useful when porting programs that depend on the increased precision of 8 and 16 bytes. If you want to promote only single-precision items, use the +autodbl4 option. (REAL(KIND=16) arithmetic is slow.)

The default is +noautodbl.

Like the +autodbl option, the +auotdbl4 option increases the default size of integer, logical, and real items to 8 bytes, and the default size of complex items to 16 bytes. Unlike +autodbl, it does not increase the default size of double precision.

This option does not increase the size of the following:

INTEGER(KIND=4)

INTEGER(4) J

REAL*8 D

3.1416_4, 113_4

Note, however, that constants specified with an exponent—for example, 4.0E0 and 2.3D0—are doubled.

Items promoted include constants, scalar variables, arrays, components of derived types, and record fields. This option also promotes intrinsics as well as the results and arguments of user-defined functions to the proper precision. Types specified in ON statements are also promoted.

The entire program should be compiled with this option, not just selected files. Use this option when you want to promote only the single-precision items.

The default is +noautodbl4.

	NOTE: The +autodbl4 option causes REAL, INTEGER, and DOUBLE PRECISION to be the same size. This violates the Fortran 90 Standard.

The -c option compiles the specified source files but does not link them. The compiler produces a relocatable file (.o) for each file in the files list (these may include .f90, .f, .F, .i, .i90, and .s files). When using -c and -o together, you may specify only one source file on the command line; the resulting object file is renamed.

The +check=all option enables compile-time range checking for array subscripts. The +check=all option will also cause your program to halt with a range-checking error if a numerical overflow occurs. The default is +check=none.

The -C option can be used to perform the same function as +check=all.

The +cpp=yes option tells the compiler to pass the source files specified on the command line to the C preprocessor before passing them on to the compiler. This option does not apply to .i and .i90 files.

The default, +cpp=default, is to apply the C preprocessor to files that end in the .F extension but not to files that end in .f or .f90.

Specifying +cpp=no tells the compiler not to invoke the C preprocessor for all files on the command line, including those ending in .F.

If you want to keep the output from the C preprocessor, use the +cpp_keep option.

The +cpp_keep option causes the compiler to retain the output from the C preprocessor. If the source filename is file.f or file.F, the output filename is file.i; if the source filename is file.f90, the output filename is file.i90. The compiler will accept source files with the .i and .i90 extensions.

The default, +nocpp_keep, is to discard the output file.

Note that this option does not pass source files to the C preprocessor. To do that, you must also specify the +cpp=yes option.

The -D option defines a symbol name (name) to the C preprocessor. If you do not provide a definition (def) for the symbol name, name is defined as 1. This option applies only to files that are passed to the C preprocessor.

The +DA option fenerates object code for a particular version of the PA-RISC architecture. By default, the compiler generates code for the machine model you are compiling on. With this option, you can override the default, causing the compiler to generate code for the machine on which the program will execute rather than for the machine on which it is compiled.

model can be one of the following:

See the file /usr/lib/sched.models for model numbers and their architectures. Use the uname command to determine the model number of your system. (For information about the uname command, see uname(2).)

For best performance, use +DA with the model number or architecture of the machine on which you plan to execute the program.

The +DA option also specifies the appropriate search path for HP-UX math libraries. If your program calls mathematical functions, +DA2.0 links in the PA2.0 version of the math library, while +DA1.1 links in the PA1.1 library version. (For more information about using math libraries, see the HP-UX Floating-Point Guide.)

The +DC7200 option performs memory hierarchy optimizations for the PA7200 processor.

The +demand_load option causes the output file from the linker to be marked demand load. When a process is marked demand load, its pages are brought into physical memory only when they are accessed. The default, +nodemand_load, causes the output file from the linker not to be marked demand load.

The -q option performs the same function as +demand_load, and the -Q option performs the same function as +nodemand_load.

The +dlines option treats source lines with a "D" or "d" in column 1 as statements to be compiled. The default, +nodlines, treats lines beginning with "D" or "d" in column 1 as comments.

The +dlines option must be used only with source files in fixed-format.

The +DS option performs instruction scheduling that is tuned for a particular implementation of the PA-RISC architecture.

model can be one of the following:

For example, specifying +DS750 performs instruction scheduling tuned for one implementation of PA-RISC 1.1. Specifying +DS2.0 or +DS1.1 performs scheduling for a representative PA-RISC 2.0 or 1.1 system, respectively. To improve performance on a particular model, use +DS with that model number.

See the file /usr/lib/sched.models for model names and numbers, as well as their architectures. Use the uname -a command to determine the model number of your system. (For more information about uname, see uname(2).)

Object code with scheduling tuned for a particular model will execute on other systems, although possibly less efficiently.

If you do not specify this option, the default instruction scheduling is for the system on which you are compiling.

The +escape option treats the backslash character (\) as a C-like escape character. The default, +noescape, treats the backslash character as a literal character.

The +extend_source option allows extended source lines, which may contain up to 254 characters. The default, +noextend_source, restricts fixed-format source lines to 72 characters and free-format source lines to 132 characters.

	NOTE: Programs that rely on the compiler's ignoring characters past column 72 will not compile correctly with the +extend_source option.

The +FP option initializes the flags that specify how runtime floating-point exceptions should be trapped. flags can be concatenated to specify a desired behavior and may not contain spaces or tabs. Valid values for flags are identified in Table 13-4 “ Values for the +FP option”.

	NOTE: Enabling sudden underflow may cause the same program file to compute different results on different implementations of the PA-RISC 1.1 and 2.0 architectures. This is because some hardware implementations have sudden underflow available, while others do not. Selecting the +FP option allows hardware to flush denormalized values to zero, but it does not require that it do so.

By default, all traps are disabled. However, you can specifically disable a behavior either by excluding the upper-case letter from flags or by including the equivalent lower-case letter (v,z,o,u,i,d) in flags. For example, the following command lines are equivalent:

f90 +FPvZI test.f90

f90 +FPZI test.f90

If you are using PA1.1 libraries, you can dynamically change these settings at run time by using the fpsetdefaults or fpsetmask routines. For more information about these routines, see the fpgetround(3M) man page and the HP-UX Floating-Point Guide.

The +fp_exception option causes a descriptive message and a procedure traceback to be issued to standard error when the HP-UX signals listed in Table 13-5 “ Signals recognized by the +fp_exception option” are generated.

By default, floating-point exceptions are disabled on Series 700/800 systems, in accordance with the IEEE standard.

For a description of these signals, see signal(2) and signal(5) in the HP-UX Reference. For information about floating-point exceptions and error handling, see the HP-UX Floating-Point Guide.

You can also use the ON statement to write your own trap procedures. For information about the syntax of the ON statement, see Chapter 10; for information about using the ON statement, see Appendix D.

The default, +nofp_exception, disables traceback information.

The -g option causes the compiler to generate information for use by the HP/DDE debugger. The -g option can be used to prepare code for debugging that has been compiled with optimization options -O, -O1/+O1, and -O2/+O2, but not -O3/+O3 or higher.

The +gprof option prepares object code files for profiling with gprof. The default is +nogprof.

gprof is provided as part of the "HP-UX General Programming Tools" product; see gprof(1).

The -G option can be used to perform the same function as +gprof.

The -I option specifies a directory where .mod files and files named in the INCLUDE line or in #include directives may be found if their name is a relative pathname—that is, does not begin with a slash (/). Directories are searched in the following order:

The +implicit_none option forces the types of identifiers to be implicitly undefined. This is equivalent to specifying IMPLICIT NONE for each program unit in each file in the files list. The source code that is to be compiled with this option may contain other IMPLICIT statements; the statements will be honored. The default, +noimplicit_none, allows identifiers to be implicitly defined.

The +k option generates code for programs that reference a very large number of shared data items. The linker will issue a diagnostic message in the rare case when this option is needed. By default, the compiler generates short-displacement code sequences for programs that reference global data in shared libraries. For nearly all programs, this is sufficient.

For libraries named in -l operands, look in directory before looking in the standard places. You can specify multiple directories; each directory must be preceded by its own -L option. Directories named in -L options are searched in the specified order. This option must precede the -l option on the command line.

The -l option causes the linker to search the library named by either /lib/libx.a (or .sl) or /usr/lib/libx.a (or .sl); the linker searches /lib first. The current state of the -a linker option determines whether the archive (.a) or shared (.sl) version of the library is searched.

The +langlvl=90 option checks for strict compliance to the Fortran 90 Standard and issues warnings for any HP Fortran 90 extensions to the Standard. The default, +langlvl=default, allows extensions.

The +list option produces a source listing on standard output. The default, +nolist, is not to produce a source listing.

The +moddir option directs the compiler to write .mod files to directory. If this option is not specified, the compiler writes modules in the current directory.

The +nls option enables 16-bit Native Language Support processing in character strings and comments for the specified language lang. For details on Native Language Support, refer to Native Language Support User's Guide.

The -Y option can be used to perform the same function as +nls.

The +O option invokes the optimizer, where n is the level of optimization, 0 - 4. (+O4 is recognized but not supported and is provided for compatibility with the f77 option, +O4.) The -g option is compatible with the +O0, +O1, and +O2 options.

Table 13-6 “ Levels of optimization” lists and describes the different levels of optimization.

The -O option invokes the optimizer, where n is the level of optimization, 0 - 4. (-O4 is recognized but not supported.) The default is optimization level 2.

This option is provided for compatibility and is functionally the same as the the +On option. The only difference between the two is that the level number is optional for the -O option. For more information about the levels of optimization, see the +On option.

The +Oinfo option causes the compiler to display informational messages about the optimization process. The +Oinfo option provides feedback that can help you to determine whether the compiler optimized time-critical sections of your program. It can be used at any level of optimization but is most useful at level 3.

Currently, this option provides feedback for the following optimizations:

The default, +Onoinfo, disables the display of informational messages about optimization.

The +O[no]optimization options enable or disable specific optimizations or classes of optimizations (for example, optimizations that affect compilation time). For detailed information about +O[no]optimization, see “Optimization options”.

The -o option names the executable file outfile rather than the default name of a.out. If not specified, a.out will be overwritten if it exists, or created if it does not. The outfile name must not end with .f, .f90, .F. .i, or .i90. Also, it must not begin with + or -. When using -c and -o together, you may specify only one source file on the command line; the resulting object file is renamed.

The +onetrip option generates code that executes any DO loop at least once. In accordance with the language standard, HP Fortran 90 will not execute a DO loop if either of the following conditions is true:

However, older implementations of Fortran (for example, some FORTRAN 66 processors) always execute a DO loop at least once. The +onetrip option provides compatibility with those nonstandard implementations.

The default is +noonetrip.

The +pic option generates object code that can be added to a shared library. Object code generated with this option is position-independent code (PIC). All addresses are either pc-relative or indirect references.

The argument—short or long—specifies the allocated size of the data linkage table. Normally you would specify +pic=short to generate PIC. Use +pic=long when the linker issues an error message indicating data linkage table overflow. Specifying +pic=long causes the compiler to allocate additional space for more imported symbols.

The default, +pic=no, causes the compiler to generate absolute code.

The +z option performs the same function as +pic=short, and the +Z option performs the same function as +pic=long.

For additional information on PIC and shared libraries, see Programming on HP-UX.

The +ppu option appends underscores to external names, including subroutines, functions, and common blocks (for example, int_sum_ rather than the default int_sum).

The default is +noppu.

The +pre_include option causes the compiler to prepend the code in file before any compilation occurs. This option can appear more than once—each specifying different files—on the same command line.

The +prof option prepares object files for profiling with prof. The default is +noprof.

The -p option can be used to perform the same function as +prof.

prof is provided as part of the "HP-UX General Programming Tools" product; see prof(1).

The +real_constant=single option treats all single-precision numerical constants as single-precision, and the +real_constant=double option treats all single-precision numerical constants as double-precision. The default is +real_constant=single.

The -R4 and -R8 options can be used to perform the same function.

The +save option forces static storage for all local variables. This option provides a convenient path for porting older Fortran programs that may depend on static allocation of memory. (Variables in static storage retain their values between invocations of the program units in which they are declared). The +save option causes all uninitialized variables to be initialized to zero. The default is +nosave.

If you explicitly declare a variable with the AUTOMATIC attribute, the attribute overrides the +save option.

The +save compile-line option inhibits many of the optimizations performed by the compiler. Generally, you will get better performance with the +Oinitcheck option, which also sets uninitialized variables to zero but is more selective than +save; see “Optimization options”.

The -K option can be used to perform the same function as +save.

The +noshared option causes the output file from the linker to be marked unshared. The default, +shared, is to mark the output file as shared.

The -n option performs the same function as +shared, and the -N option performs the same function as +noshared.

The +source option tells the compiler that source files are in either fixed or free form. The default (+source=default) is free form for .f90 source files and fixed form for .f and .F source files.

The +strip option causes the output from the linker to be stripped of symbol table information. This option is incompatible with the -g option. The default is +nostrip.

The -s option can be used to perform the same function as +strip.

The -t option looks in path for the subprocess identified by x and substitutes it for the default subprocess. x can be one or more identifiers indicating the subprocesses.

This option works in two modes:

Table 13-7 “ Values for the -t option” lists the identifiers for x, the subprocesses each indicates, and the standard subprocess name.

The following example of the -t option tells the compiler to pass the source files to the K&R version of the C preprocessor for preprocessing:

-tp,/usr/ccs/lbin/cpp

This option controls tty buffering. +ttybuf uses buffered output, and +nottybuf uses unbuffered output. The default is buffered output (+ttybuf). The +ttybuf option forces buffered output even on systems whose default is unbuffered output.

The +[no]ttybuf option is recognized only when the main program is a Fortran 90 program. If the main program is written in another language, use the TTYUNBUF environment variable (see f90(1)).

The +nottybuf option is incompatible with certain BSD 3F library routines. When it is used on the same command line with the +U77 option, the compiler will warn of a potential tty buffering conflict.

This option undefines or removes any initial definition of name in the C preprocessor (cpp). See the cpp(1) in the HP-UX Reference for details.

The +U77 option invokes support for the BSD 3F library, libU77, which provides an HP Fortran 90 interface to some of the libc system routines. To call routines in this library, you must compile and link with +U77. For information about these routines, see Chapter 13.

If +noU77 (the default) is specified or if +U77 is not specified, the compiler treats libU77 routine names as ordinary external names with no name mapping. If the name is not present in one of the libraries linked to, the linker emits an error message because of an unsatisfied symbol. If the libU77 name is the same as a libc name, the name might resolve to a libc name. This situation does not cause an error at compile time, but can produce unpredictable results.

The +uppercase option uses uppercase for external names. The default, +nouppercase, is to convert external names to lowercase.

If you need to control the case of specific names, use the $HP$ ALIAS directive, as described in Chapter 14.

This option lists and briefly describes all of the compile-line options currently supported by the HP Fortran 90 compiler. No compile occurs.

The -v option enables the verbose mode, producing a step-by-step description of the compilation process on the standard error output.

The +version option displays compiler version information only; no compilation occurs.

The -W option causes arg1 through argN to be handed off to subprocess x. Each arg takes the form:

-option[,value]

where option is the name of an option recognized by the subprocess and value is a separate argument to option, where necessary. The values that x can assume are listed in Table 13-8 “ Values for the -W option”.

For example, the following option tells the linker to print a trace of each input file as ld processes it:

-Wl,-t

The next example passes the -a shared option to the linker, causing it to select shared libraries for linking.

-Wl,-a,shared

The -w option suppresses warning messages. If this option is omitted, warnings are sent to standard error.