Terminates file connection.
Syntax
CLOSE ( io-specifier-list ) |
 |
- io-specifier-list
is a list of the following comma-separated I/O
specifiers:
- [UNIT=]unit
specifies the unit connected to an external file.
unit must be a positive integer-valued
expression. If the optional keyword UNIT=
is omitted, unit must be the first item
in io-specifier-list.
- ERR=stmt-label
specifies the label of the executable statement
to which control passes if an error occurs during statement execution.
If neither IOSTAT=
or ERR= is specified
and an error occurs, the program aborts and a system error message
is issued. stmt-label must be in the
same scoping unit as the CLOSE
statement with the ERR=
specifier.
- IOSTAT=integer-variable
returns the I/O status after the statement
executes. If the statement executes successfully, integer-variable
is set to zero. If an error occurs, it is set to a positive integer
that indicates which error occurred. If neither IOSTAT=
or ERR= is specified
and an error occurs, the program aborts and a system error message
is issued.
- STATUS=character-expression
specifies the state of the file after it is closed.
character-expression can be one of the
following arguments:
- 'KEEP'
Preserve the file after it is closed (default).
- 'DELETE'
Do not preserve the file after it is closed.
The STATUS=
specifier is ignored if the file was opened as a scratch file. See
“OPEN” for a description
of the OPEN statement.
Description
The CLOSE
statement closes the file whose unit number was obtained from an
OPEN statement.
A CLOSE statement
must contain a unit number and at most one each of the other I/O
specifiers.
A CLOSE
statement need not be in the same program unit as the OPEN
statement that connected the file to the specified unit. If a CLOSE
statement specifies a unit that does not exist or has no file connected
to it, no action occurs.
Examples
The following examples illustrate different uses of the CLOSE
statement. In the first example, the CLOSE
statement closes the file connected to unit 10; after it is closed,
the file will continue to exist, unless it was opened with the STATUS='SCRATCH'
specifier:
In the next example, after the file connected to unit 6 is
closed, it will cease to exist:
CLOSE(UNIT=6,STATUS="DELETE") |
The following code produces the same results as the previous
example:
CHARACTER(LEN=6) cstat
cstat="delete"
CLOSE(UNIT=6,STATUS=cstat) |
The following example closes the file connected to unit 5.
If an error occurs, control is transferred to the executable statement
labeled 100, and the error code is stored in the variable ios:
CLOSE(5,IOSTAT=ios,ERR=100) |
Related statements
OPEN
Related concepts
For information about I/O concepts, see Chapter 8 “I/O and file handling”, which also lists
example programs that use I/O.
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