Table of Contents
- FORMAT
statement
- Format
specification
- Edit
descriptors
- Character
string (’...’ or ”...”) edit
descriptor
- Newline
($) edit descriptor
- Slash
(/) edit descriptor
- Colon
(:) edit descriptor
- A
and R (character) edit descriptors
- B
(binary) edit descriptor
- BN
and BZ (blank) edit descriptors
- D,
E, EN, ES, F, G, and Q (real) edit descriptors
- H
(Hollerith) edit descriptor
- I
(Integer) edit descriptor
- L
(Logical) edit descriptor
- M
and N edit descriptors
- O
(Octal) edit descriptor
- P
(scale factor) edit descriptor
- Q
(bytes remaining) edit descriptor
- S,
SP, and SS (plus sign) edit descriptors
- T,
TL, TR, and X (tab) edit descriptors
- Z
(hexadecimal) edit descriptor
- Embedded
format specification
- Nested
format specifications
- Format
specification and I/O data list
I/O formatting occurs
during data transfer operations when data is converted between its machine-readable
binary representation and human-readable character format. Although unformatted
data transfers are faster because they do not incur the overhead
of data conversion, I/O formatting is useful for displaying data
in a human-readable form and for transferring data between machines
with different machine representations for a data type.
I/O formatting can be implicit or explicit. Implicit formatting
occurs during list-directed and namelist-directed I/O: data is converted
without programmer intervention, based on the data types of the
I/O list items; see “List-directed
I/O” and “Namelist-directed
I/O”.
Explicit formatting occurs under the control of the programmer,
who specifies how the data is to be converted.
This chapter describes explicit I/O formatting and includes
information about the following:
Printable version
